finish the first chapter
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Shaoliang Nie
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zh.html
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zh.html
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@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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<words x=196 y=65 w=270 no-bg>
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一些常见的做法例如课堂的讲课，
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填鸭式的用功，以及重复阅读，
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不仅<i>无聊</i>，还被科学表明
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不仅 <i>无聊</i>，还被科学表明
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<i>其实并不好使</i>。*
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -181,11 +181,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=500></pic>
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<words x=95 y=30 w=340 no-bg>
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但是，如果我说有一种学习的方法，
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它有实证基础<i>而且</i>好玩？
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它有实证基础 <i>而且</i> 好玩？
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</words>
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<words x=164 y=141 w=300 no-bg>
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如果我说有一个记忆卡片游戏，你每天只要玩上二十分钟，
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就可以把<i>任何想记住的</i>长期记住，甚至<i>永远记住？</i>
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就可以把 <i>任何想记住的</i> 长期记住，甚至 <i>永远记住？</i>
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -203,12 +203,12 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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<panel w=500 h=450 fadeInOn="flip_spaced_rep">
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<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=950 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=430 h=60>
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而且这个游戏<i>超酷的</i>。
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而且这个游戏 <i>超酷的</i>。
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我从今年早期开始用间隔重复来学习法语。
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</words>
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<words x=30 y=350 w=430 h=60>
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两个<i>月</i>内，我学会了比高中法语课
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两<i>年</i>更多的词汇。
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两个 <i>月</i> 内，我学会了比高中法语课
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两 <i>年</i> 更多的词汇。
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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任何我在书本，讲话，文章以及其他途径里发掘到的有趣的东西！
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</words>
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<words x=60 y=300 w=400 h=60>
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...这个记忆卡片游戏变成了我<i>人生</i>的一个核心部分。
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...这个记忆卡片游戏变成了我 <i>人生</i> 的一个核心部分。
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -241,27 +241,27 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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</words>
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<words x=10 y=220 w=500 h=90>
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你重复测试自己关于一个事实的记忆，把这种重复在时间里间隔开来。
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（但是这样不就没有尽头了吗？啊，我们稍后会看到，这里有一个小诀窍...）
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(但是这样不就没有尽头了吗？啊，我们稍后会看到，这里有一个小诀窍...)
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=400 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=0 sy=1200></pic>
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<words x=10 y=20 w=290 no-bg>
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间隔重复是免费的，有实证基础的，而且特别简单，以至于你可以用一个<i>鞋盒</i>去实现。
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间隔重复是免费的，有实证基础的，而且特别简单，以至于你可以用一个 <i>鞋盒</i> 去实现。
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</words>
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<words x=308 y=265 w=50 no-bg class="comic_text" style="text-align:left; font-size:20px">
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nicky闭嘴
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</words>
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<words x=90 y=130 w=270 no-bg>
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所以，有什么隐情呢？为什么并不是<i>每个人</i>都已经在用间隔重复？
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所以，有什么隐情呢？为什么并不是 <i>每个人</i> 都已经在用间隔重复？
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=400 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/intro0.png" sx=400 sy=1200></pic>
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<words x=10 y=20 w=330 no-bg>
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好，隐情就是养成<i>任何</i>新习惯都难
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好，隐情就是养成 <i>任何</i> 新习惯都难
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- 特别是像间隔重复这么奇怪的习惯。
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</words>
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<words x=292 y=303 w=80 no-bg class="comic_text" style="text-align:left; font-size:20px">
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@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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我会让你看到它为什么有效，怎样运转发挥作用...
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</words>
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<words x=110 y=140 w=250 no-bg>
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...以及帮助你从<i>今天</i>开始上手。
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...以及帮助你从 <i>今天</i> 开始上手。
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -309,10 +309,10 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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我们不应该反而去学习创造力 & 批判性思维吗？
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</words>
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<words x=30 y=320 w=480 h=90>
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这里<i>没有</i>“反而”。
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这里 <i>没有</i> “反而”。
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认知科学表明
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你<i>需要</i>记忆来支撑创造力 & 批判性思维。
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（假设要写一篇文章，然而你一个字都不认识！）
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你 <i>需要</i> 记忆来支撑创造力 & 批判性思维。
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(假设要写一篇文章，然而你一个字都不认识！)
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</words>
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<words x=187 y=138 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:40px">
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记忆
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@ -332,8 +332,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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也不是一种“生活伎俩”。
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</words>
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<words x=30 y=113 w=320 no-bg>
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它是一种方式，让你掌控你的<i>头脑和心力。</i>
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使得长期记忆成为一个<i>选择</i>。
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它是一种方式，让你掌控你的 <i>头脑和心力。</i>
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使得长期记忆成为一个 <i>选择</i>。
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滋养出你对学习的终身爱恋...
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -383,39 +383,39 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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<panel w=500 h=450>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=400 h=60>
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In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus performed an act of scientific masochism.
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1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾豪斯进行了一项科学的自虐行为。
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</words>
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<words x=30 y=320 w=430 h=90>
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The German psychologist memorized <i>thousands</i> of nonsense words,
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recorded how much he forgot over time, and discovered...
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这个德国心理学家首先背下了 <i>几千个</i> 毫无意义的单词，
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然后记录了自己遗忘程度随时间的变化，接着他发现...
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=400 h=500>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=500 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=60 y=10 w=250>
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<b>THE FORGETTING CURVE</b>
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<b>遗忘曲线</b>
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</words>
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<words x=10 y=310 w=350>
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He found that you forget most of what you learn in the first 24 hours,
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then – if you don’t practice recall – your remaining memories decay exponentially.*
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他发现你会在最初的24小时内忘记大部分你学到的东西，
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然后 – 如果你不去回想的话 – 你剩下的记忆会指数型衰减。*
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=500 h=53 style="margin-top:-5px">
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<words w=500 x=-15 y=-10 no-bg style="width: 500px; font-size:0.8em; text-align: right; color:#999; line-height: 1.1em;">
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* technically the curve isn't <i>exactly</i>
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* 一个来说这条曲线并不 <i>完全</i>
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<br>
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exponential, but, eh, close enough.
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呈指数型, 但是, 呃, 很接近。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=500 h=450>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=900 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=450 h=90>
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Philosophers have debated about memory for millennia,
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but Ebbinghaus was the first to do actual <i>experiments.</i>
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(which have been replicated)
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哲学家们对记忆的辩论已经有几千年了，
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但是艾宾豪斯是第一个人去做了真正的 <i>实验。</i>
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(实验有被复制)
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</words>
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<words x=193 y=169 w=70 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:rgba(0,0,0,0.35)">
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plz...
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@ -427,15 +427,15 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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me...
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</words>
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<words x=20 y=350 w=440 h=60>
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For that reason, Hermann Ebbinghaus is known as
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the pioneer of the science of memory.
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正因如此，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯被称为
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记忆科学的先驱。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=600 h=80>
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<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
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Here’s a playable simulation of the Forgetting Curve.
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<b>Change the rate of memory decay. What happens to the curve?</b>
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这是一个可供玩耍的关于遗忘曲线的模拟。
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<b>改变记忆衰退的速率。曲线会怎么变化呢？</b>
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</words>
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</panel>
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@ -445,29 +445,29 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
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<panel w=600 h=90>
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<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
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As you can see, the less the decay, the flatter the curve –
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that is, the longer the memory lasts.
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你可以看到，衰退速率越低，曲线越平缓 –
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也就是说，记忆的持续时间会越长。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=400 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=0 sy=500></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
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How fast a person’s memory decays depends on the person and the memory...
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一个人记忆衰减的快慢取决于这个人本身和TA的记忆...
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</words>
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<words x=0 y=145 w=330 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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hi! sorry, what's your name again?
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嗨！不好意思哦，你叫什么名字来着？
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</words>
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<words x=177 y=186 w=180 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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haha. it's susan.
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呵呵。我叫susan。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=400 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=400 sy=500></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=330>
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But in general, a memory’s “rate of decay” slows down each time you <b>actively recall</b> it.
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(versus passively re-reading it)
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但是一般来说，每次你去 <b>主动回想</b>， 记忆的“衰减速率”就会减慢。
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(而不是被动地去重复阅读)
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</words>
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<words x=27 y=198 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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susan. susan. susan. susan. susan.
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<panel w=400 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/sci0.png" sx=800 sy=500></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
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(although, when you stop practicing, it still decays.)
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(然而，如果你停止练习，记忆会继续衰减。)
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</words>
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<words x=41 y=121 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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okay bye sarah!
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好的，sarah 拜拜！
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</words>
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<words x=191 y=148 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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susan.
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</words>
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<words x=59 y=174 w=150 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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bye sandy!
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拜 sandy!
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</words>
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<words x=193 y=203 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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SUSAN.
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<panel w=600 h=120>
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<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
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Here’s the simulation again, with a single active recall session.
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又是之前的那个模拟，在这里它有单个主动回想的时程
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<br>
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(grey line: what memory would've been <i>without</i> the recall)
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(灰线：如果 <i>没有</i> 回想，记忆会是什么样)
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<br>
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<b>Change the recall timing to see how it affects the curve:</b>
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<b>改变回想发生的时间点，看它怎么影响这条曲线:</b>
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=600 h=90>
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<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
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A single recall boosts memory for a bit... but in the long run,
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due to exponential decay of memory, a single recall changes nothing.
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单个回想时程对记忆有一点点促进... 但是长期来说，
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因为记忆的指数型衰减，单个的回想时程不能带来什么改变。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=450 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=390>
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Is there a better way to learn?
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There is! The trick to remembering...
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有更好的学习方法吗？
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有的！记忆的秘诀就是...
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</words>
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<words x=210 y=330 w=200>
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...<i>is to almost forget.</i>
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...<i>到达几乎忘记的时候。</i>
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=500 h=300>
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<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=450 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=250 y=20 w=200>
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To understand this, think about training your muscles.
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You’ll gain nothing with a weight that’s too easy...
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为了理解，想一想训练你的肌肉。
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如果训练太容易你的肌肉不会增长...
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=500 h=300>
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<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=450 sy=300></pic>
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<words x=250 y=20 w=200>
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...nor one that’s too hard.
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...太难也不行。
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=350 h=350>
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<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=950 sy=0></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
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The same’s true of training your brain.
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You need <b>desirable difficulty</b>: the sweet spot of just-hard-enough.
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同样的道理适用于你的脑子。
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你需要的是 <b>有益难度</b> ：难的恰到好处。
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</words>
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<words x=55 y=187 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
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comfort
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舒适
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</words>
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<words x=55 y=282 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
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discomfort
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难受
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</words>
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<words x=176 y=186 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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too easy
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太容易
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</words>
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<words x=179 y=229 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text" style="color:#000">
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just right
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刚刚好
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</words>
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<words x=176 y=280 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller">
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too hard
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太难
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=450 h=400>
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<pic src="pics/sci1.png" sx=0 sy=400></pic>
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<words x=10 y=10 w=360>
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Therefore: to best learn something, you need to recall it...
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所以：学习什么事最好的办法，就是选定时机去回想这件事...
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</words>
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<words x=60 y=330 w=350>
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...<i>just as you’re about to forget it.</i>
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...<i>在你就要忘记的时候。</i>
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</words>
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</panel>
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<panel w=600 h=120>
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<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
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Same simulation as before, but now it shows the
|
||||
<span style="background:#ffe866">sweet spot</span> –
|
||||
where you’ve forgotten <i>just a little bit.</i>
|
||||
<b>Put the recall in the <i>middle</i> of the sweet spot. What happens?</b>
|
||||
还是之前的模拟，但是它现在有显示
|
||||
<span style="background:#ffe866">最佳时机带</span> –
|
||||
那就是你正好忘了 <i>一点点</i> 的时候。
|
||||
<b>把回想的时间点放到最佳时机带的 <i>中间</i>。怎么样？</b>
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -588,22 +588,22 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
|
||||
<panel w=600 h=90>
|
||||
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
|
||||
See? If you time a recall just right,
|
||||
you can slow down the decay by a bit!
|
||||
Now, what about <i>multiple</i> recalls?
|
||||
看到了吗？如果你的回想时间点选的刚好，
|
||||
你可以让衰减速率慢下来一点！
|
||||
好了，如果有 <i>多个</i> 回想时程呢？
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
<panel w=500 h=450>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=0></pic>
|
||||
<words x=10 y=10 w=430>
|
||||
Let’s say you’re
|
||||
<span class="strikeout">lazy</span>
|
||||
time-efficient, so you’re only doing 4 recall sessions.
|
||||
让我们假设你
|
||||
<span class="strikeout">很懒</span>
|
||||
效率高，所以你只需要4个回想时程。
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=30 y=350 w=430>
|
||||
Question:
|
||||
<i>what’s the best way to spread out your recalls?</i>
|
||||
问题：
|
||||
<i>分布回想时程最好的方式是什么？</i>
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=82 y=198 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text" style="transform: rotate(-16deg);">
|
||||
susan
|
||||
|
|
@ -613,35 +613,35 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
<panel w=500 h=350>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=500 sy=0></pic>
|
||||
<words x=10 y=10 w=190>
|
||||
Should you have evenly spaced gaps?
|
||||
Gaps of increasing length?
|
||||
Gaps of decreasing length?
|
||||
Or make it unpredictable, to keep you on your toes?
|
||||
你应该均匀分布间隔吗？
|
||||
间隔不断加长？
|
||||
间隔不断变短？
|
||||
或者让它不可预测，助你时刻保持警惕？
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=259 y=16 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
|
||||
= recall
|
||||
= 回想
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=295 y=16 w=100 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right; color:#000">
|
||||
time
|
||||
时间
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=245 y=61 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
|
||||
even gaps:
|
||||
均匀式间隔:
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=245 y=126 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
|
||||
increasing gaps:
|
||||
增长式间隔:
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=245 y=198 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
|
||||
decreasing gaps:
|
||||
变短式间隔:
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=245 y=259 w=200 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left; color:#000">
|
||||
random gaps:
|
||||
随机式间隔:
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
<panel w=400 h=90>
|
||||
<words h=90>
|
||||
<b>Give it your best guess</b>,
|
||||
then when you’re ready, <b>flip the card over ↓</b>
|
||||
<b>给出你最好的猜测</b>，
|
||||
当你准备好的时候， <b>把卡片翻过来 ↓</b>
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -651,11 +651,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
|
||||
<panel fadeInOn="flip_guessgap" w=600 h=120>
|
||||
<words w=600 x=-15 y=0 no-bg>
|
||||
Which is very counter-intuitive!
|
||||
You can prove to yourself this is true, by playing with the sim below.
|
||||
这很不符合直觉有没有！
|
||||
你可以通过和下面的模拟的互动，向自己证明这是对的。
|
||||
<b>
|
||||
Get all recalls into the <i>middle</i> of the <span style="background:#ffe866">sweet spot</span>.
|
||||
What spacing do you get?
|
||||
把所有的回想时程全都放到 <span style="background:#ffe866">最佳时机带</span> 的 <i>中间</i>。
|
||||
你得到了什么样的间隔分布？
|
||||
</b>
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
|
@ -666,11 +666,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
|
||||
<panel w=600 h=120>
|
||||
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
|
||||
(To prove this isn't a fluke,
|
||||
here’s a sim where you can change
|
||||
the initial memory decay & sweet spot.
|
||||
Note how, in all but the extreme cases,
|
||||
the best schedule is still “increasing gaps”!)
|
||||
(为了证明这不是一个巧合，
|
||||
这里提供一个你可以改变
|
||||
最初记忆衰减 & 最佳时机带的模拟。
|
||||
去观察，在除了极端情况的几乎所有其他情况中，
|
||||
为何最好的安排仍然是“增长式间隔”！)
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -681,36 +681,36 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
<panel w=350 h=500>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=450></pic>
|
||||
<words x=10 y=10 w=300>
|
||||
Why <i>must</i> the gaps increase?
|
||||
Because: each time you do a recall at the sweet spot of forgetting,
|
||||
the memory’s decay slows down...
|
||||
为什么间隔 <i>必须</i> 变大？
|
||||
因为：每次你在最佳时机带做一次回想，
|
||||
记忆的衰减率就会放缓...
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=25 y=187 w=50 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:left">
|
||||
it's
|
||||
名字是
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=16 y=177 w=300 no-bg class="comic_text" style="font-size:100px; transform: rotate(-5deg);">
|
||||
SUSAN!
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=218 y=257 w=120 no-bg class="comic_text smaller" style="text-align:right">
|
||||
–the fu
|
||||
–这个 fu
|
||||
<!-- TRANSLATOR NOTE: don't complete the swearing in your translation.
|
||||
make it cut off at the edge of the panel. It's... funnier that way? -->
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=10 y=400 w=300>
|
||||
...meaning it’ll take <i>longer</i>
|
||||
to hit the sweet spot next time!
|
||||
...这意味着需要 <i>更长</i>
|
||||
的时间再次到达最佳时机带！
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
<panel w=500 h=500>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=350 sy=450></pic>
|
||||
<words x=10 y=10 w=400>
|
||||
But you know what’s sweeter?
|
||||
This also means if you time your recalls just right...
|
||||
但你知道更爽的是什么吗？
|
||||
这也意味着如果你的回想时间点选的刚刚好...
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
<words x=60 y=400 w=400>
|
||||
...you can easily keep <i>any number</i> of things in your long-term memory,
|
||||
<i>FOREVER.</i>
|
||||
...你就可以轻易地吧 <i>任何数量</i> 的事情装进你的长期记忆，
|
||||
<i>永永远远。</i>
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -720,8 +720,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
|
||||
<panel w=600 h=90>
|
||||
<words w=600 x=-15 no-bg>
|
||||
And speaking of doing active recall in order to learn,
|
||||
let's do some active recall on what we just learnt:
|
||||
既然说到要通过主动回想去学习，
|
||||
就让我们主动回想下我们刚刚学到的东西：
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -732,8 +732,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
<panel w=400 h=400>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=0 sy=950></pic>
|
||||
<words x=50 y=20 w=300 bg=none>
|
||||
Well that's nice,
|
||||
but actually <i>finding</i> a good Spaced Repetition schedule must be hard, right?
|
||||
嗯不错哦，
|
||||
但是真的要 <i>找到</i> 一个好的间隔重复的时间安排一定很难。是不是？
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -741,14 +741,14 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att
|
|||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=400 sy=950></pic>
|
||||
<words x=50 y=30 w=300 bg=none>
|
||||
<i>Au contraire!</i>
|
||||
It’s actually so simple, you can even create your own automatic scheduler...
|
||||
其实很简单，你甚至可以创作一个属于自己的自动调度器...
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
<panel w=400 h=400>
|
||||
<pic src="pics/sci2.png" sx=800 sy=950></pic>
|
||||
<words x=30 y=30 w=200 bg=none>
|
||||
...using a <i>shoebox.</i>
|
||||
...用一个 <i>鞋盒</i> 就行。
|
||||
</words>
|
||||
</panel>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue