From 3b8cd807ca73f677f248e2ed74e5891775640014 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Shaoliang Nie Date: Fri, 9 Nov 2018 15:00:47 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] finish the first chapter --- zh.html | 224 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 112 insertions(+), 112 deletions(-) diff --git a/zh.html b/zh.html index 160fb67..bf751fc 100644 --- a/zh.html +++ b/zh.html @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 一些常见的做法例如课堂的讲课, 填鸭式的用功,以及重复阅读, - 不仅无聊,还被科学表明 + 不仅 无聊,还被科学表明 其实并不好使。* @@ -181,11 +181,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 但是,如果我说有一种学习的方法, - 它有实证基础而且好玩? + 它有实证基础 而且 好玩? 如果我说有一个记忆卡片游戏,你每天只要玩上二十分钟, - 就可以把任何想记住的长期记住,甚至永远记住? + 就可以把 任何想记住的 长期记住,甚至 永远记住? @@ -203,12 +203,12 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - 而且这个游戏超酷的。 + 而且这个游戏 超酷的。 我从今年早期开始用间隔重复来学习法语。 - 两个内,我学会了比高中法语课 - 两更多的词汇。 + 两个 内,我学会了比高中法语课 + 两 更多的词汇。 @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 任何我在书本,讲话,文章以及其他途径里发掘到的有趣的东西! - ...这个记忆卡片游戏变成了我人生的一个核心部分。 + ...这个记忆卡片游戏变成了我 人生 的一个核心部分。 @@ -241,27 +241,27 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 你重复测试自己关于一个事实的记忆,把这种重复在时间里间隔开来。 - (但是这样不就没有尽头了吗?啊,我们稍后会看到,这里有一个小诀窍...) + (但是这样不就没有尽头了吗?啊,我们稍后会看到,这里有一个小诀窍...) - 间隔重复是免费的,有实证基础的,而且特别简单,以至于你可以用一个鞋盒去实现。 + 间隔重复是免费的,有实证基础的,而且特别简单,以至于你可以用一个 鞋盒 去实现。 nicky闭嘴 - 所以,有什么隐情呢?为什么并不是每个人都已经在用间隔重复? + 所以,有什么隐情呢?为什么并不是 每个人 都已经在用间隔重复? - 好,隐情就是养成任何新习惯都难 + 好,隐情就是养成 任何 新习惯都难 - 特别是像间隔重复这么奇怪的习惯。 @@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 我会让你看到它为什么有效,怎样运转发挥作用... - ...以及帮助你从今天开始上手。 + ...以及帮助你从 今天 开始上手。 @@ -309,10 +309,10 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 我们不应该反而去学习创造力 & 批判性思维吗? - 这里没有“反而”。 + 这里 没有 “反而”。 认知科学表明 - 你需要记忆来支撑创造力 & 批判性思维。 - (假设要写一篇文章,然而你一个字都不认识!) + 你 需要 记忆来支撑创造力 & 批判性思维。 + (假设要写一篇文章,然而你一个字都不认识!) 记忆 @@ -332,8 +332,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att 也不是一种“生活伎俩”。 - 它是一种方式,让你掌控你的头脑和心力。 - 使得长期记忆成为一个选择。 + 它是一种方式,让你掌控你的 头脑和心力。 + 使得长期记忆成为一个 选择。 滋养出你对学习的终身爱恋... @@ -383,39 +383,39 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus performed an act of scientific masochism. + 1885年,赫尔曼·艾宾豪斯进行了一项科学的自虐行为。 - The German psychologist memorized thousands of nonsense words, - recorded how much he forgot over time, and discovered... + 这个德国心理学家首先背下了 几千个 毫无意义的单词, + 然后记录了自己遗忘程度随时间的变化,接着他发现... - THE FORGETTING CURVE + 遗忘曲线 - He found that you forget most of what you learn in the first 24 hours, - then – if you don’t practice recall – your remaining memories decay exponentially.* + 他发现你会在最初的24小时内忘记大部分你学到的东西, + 然后 – 如果你不去回想的话 – 你剩下的记忆会指数型衰减。* - * technically the curve isn't exactly + * 一个来说这条曲线并不 完全
- exponential, but, eh, close enough. + 呈指数型, 但是, 呃, 很接近。
- Philosophers have debated about memory for millennia, - but Ebbinghaus was the first to do actual experiments. - (which have been replicated) + 哲学家们对记忆的辩论已经有几千年了, + 但是艾宾豪斯是第一个人去做了真正的 实验。 + (实验有被复制) plz... @@ -427,15 +427,15 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att me... - For that reason, Hermann Ebbinghaus is known as - the pioneer of the science of memory. + 正因如此,赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯被称为 + 记忆科学的先驱。 - Here’s a playable simulation of the Forgetting Curve. - Change the rate of memory decay. What happens to the curve? + 这是一个可供玩耍的关于遗忘曲线的模拟。 + 改变记忆衰退的速率。曲线会怎么变化呢? @@ -445,29 +445,29 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - As you can see, the less the decay, the flatter the curve – - that is, the longer the memory lasts. + 你可以看到,衰退速率越低,曲线越平缓 – + 也就是说,记忆的持续时间会越长。 - How fast a person’s memory decays depends on the person and the memory... + 一个人记忆衰减的快慢取决于这个人本身和TA的记忆... - hi! sorry, what's your name again? + 嗨!不好意思哦,你叫什么名字来着? - haha. it's susan. + 呵呵。我叫susan。 - But in general, a memory’s “rate of decay” slows down each time you actively recall it. - (versus passively re-reading it) + 但是一般来说,每次你去 主动回想, 记忆的“衰减速率”就会减慢。 + (而不是被动地去重复阅读) susan. susan. susan. susan. susan. @@ -477,16 +477,16 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - (although, when you stop practicing, it still decays.) + (然而,如果你停止练习,记忆会继续衰减。) - okay bye sarah! + 好的,sarah 拜拜! susan. - bye sandy! + 拜 sandy! SUSAN. @@ -495,11 +495,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - Here’s the simulation again, with a single active recall session. + 又是之前的那个模拟,在这里它有单个主动回想的时程
- (grey line: what memory would've been without the recall) + (灰线:如果 没有 回想,记忆会是什么样)
- Change the recall timing to see how it affects the curve: + 改变回想发生的时间点,看它怎么影响这条曲线:
@@ -509,76 +509,76 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - A single recall boosts memory for a bit... but in the long run, - due to exponential decay of memory, a single recall changes nothing. + 单个回想时程对记忆有一点点促进... 但是长期来说, + 因为记忆的指数型衰减,单个的回想时程不能带来什么改变。 - Is there a better way to learn? - There is! The trick to remembering... + 有更好的学习方法吗? + 有的!记忆的秘诀就是... - ...is to almost forget. + ...到达几乎忘记的时候。 - To understand this, think about training your muscles. - You’ll gain nothing with a weight that’s too easy... + 为了理解,想一想训练你的肌肉。 + 如果训练太容易你的肌肉不会增长... - ...nor one that’s too hard. + ...太难也不行。 - The same’s true of training your brain. - You need desirable difficulty: the sweet spot of just-hard-enough. + 同样的道理适用于你的脑子。 + 你需要的是 有益难度 :难的恰到好处。 - comfort + 舒适 - discomfort + 难受 - too easy + 太容易 - just right + 刚刚好 - too hard + 太难 - Therefore: to best learn something, you need to recall it... + 所以:学习什么事最好的办法,就是选定时机去回想这件事... - ...just as you’re about to forget it. + ...在你就要忘记的时候。 - Same simulation as before, but now it shows the - sweet spot – - where you’ve forgotten just a little bit. - Put the recall in the middle of the sweet spot. What happens? + 还是之前的模拟,但是它现在有显示 + 最佳时机带 – + 那就是你正好忘了 一点点 的时候。 + 把回想的时间点放到最佳时机带的 中间。怎么样? @@ -588,22 +588,22 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - See? If you time a recall just right, - you can slow down the decay by a bit! - Now, what about multiple recalls? + 看到了吗?如果你的回想时间点选的刚好, + 你可以让衰减速率慢下来一点! + 好了,如果有 多个 回想时程呢? - Let’s say you’re - lazy - time-efficient, so you’re only doing 4 recall sessions. + 让我们假设你 + 很懒 + 效率高,所以你只需要4个回想时程。 - Question: - what’s the best way to spread out your recalls? + 问题: + 分布回想时程最好的方式是什么? susan @@ -613,35 +613,35 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - Should you have evenly spaced gaps? - Gaps of increasing length? - Gaps of decreasing length? - Or make it unpredictable, to keep you on your toes? + 你应该均匀分布间隔吗? + 间隔不断加长? + 间隔不断变短? + 或者让它不可预测,助你时刻保持警惕? - = recall + = 回想 - time + 时间 - even gaps: + 均匀式间隔: - increasing gaps: + 增长式间隔: - decreasing gaps: + 变短式间隔: - random gaps: + 随机式间隔: - Give it your best guess, - then when you’re ready, flip the card over ↓ + 给出你最好的猜测, + 当你准备好的时候, 把卡片翻过来 ↓ @@ -651,11 +651,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - Which is very counter-intuitive! - You can prove to yourself this is true, by playing with the sim below. + 这很不符合直觉有没有! + 你可以通过和下面的模拟的互动,向自己证明这是对的。 - Get all recalls into the middle of the sweet spot. - What spacing do you get? + 把所有的回想时程全都放到 最佳时机带中间。 + 你得到了什么样的间隔分布? @@ -666,11 +666,11 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - (To prove this isn't a fluke, - here’s a sim where you can change - the initial memory decay & sweet spot. - Note how, in all but the extreme cases, - the best schedule is still “increasing gaps”!) + (为了证明这不是一个巧合, + 这里提供一个你可以改变 + 最初记忆衰减 & 最佳时机带的模拟。 + 去观察,在除了极端情况的几乎所有其他情况中, + 为何最好的安排仍然是“增长式间隔”!) @@ -681,36 +681,36 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - Why must the gaps increase? - Because: each time you do a recall at the sweet spot of forgetting, - the memory’s decay slows down... + 为什么间隔 必须 变大? + 因为:每次你在最佳时机带做一次回想, + 记忆的衰减率就会放缓... - it's + 名字是 SUSAN! - –the fu + –这个 fu - ...meaning it’ll take longer - to hit the sweet spot next time! + ...这意味着需要 更长 + 的时间再次到达最佳时机带! - But you know what’s sweeter? - This also means if you time your recalls just right... + 但你知道更爽的是什么吗? + 这也意味着如果你的回想时间点选的刚刚好... - ...you can easily keep any number of things in your long-term memory, - FOREVER. + ...你就可以轻易地吧 任何数量 的事情装进你的长期记忆, + 永永远远。 @@ -720,8 +720,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - And speaking of doing active recall in order to learn, - let's do some active recall on what we just learnt: + 既然说到要通过主动回想去学习, + 就让我们主动回想下我们刚刚学到的东西: @@ -732,8 +732,8 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att - Well that's nice, - but actually finding a good Spaced Repetition schedule must be hard, right? + 嗯不错哦, + 但是真的要 找到 一个好的间隔重复的时间安排一定很难。是不是? @@ -741,14 +741,14 @@ If that's not possible, and your text doesn't fit in its box, you can modify att Au contraire! - It’s actually so simple, you can even create your own automatic scheduler... + 其实很简单,你甚至可以创作一个属于自己的自动调度器... - ...using a shoebox. + ...用一个 鞋盒 就行。